STATE OF VULNERABILITY TO POLLUTION OF THE BIG RESERVOIRS OF GROUND WATER IN THE REGION OF ANNABA-BOUTELDJA (NE ALGERIA)

Badra ATTOUI, Nacer KHERCI, Houria BOUSNOUBRA

ABSTRACT: State of vulnerability to pollution of the big reservoirs of ground water in the region of Annaba-Bouteldja (NE Algeria). Scientists are deeply concerned by the state of vulnerability of groundwater reservoirs. It is a complex task because of the difficulties to determine the degree of pollution of the ground water. Many methods have been adopted like (DRASTIC, GOD, SI, SINTACS…..).Another method (Kherici, 2010) is added to identify the vulnerability of groundwater reservoirs and control the evolution of pollutants The present article targets the determination of the vulnerability and risks of pollution of groundwater reservoirs of a climatic Mediterranean region (Annaba-Bouteldja region).The device used is based on the combination of two criteria: natural factors (thickness of the unsaturated zone, geological facies and degree of sel-purification) and the causes of vulnerability and the pollution risks entropic factors(caused by man). The application of Kherici’s method has revealed a distinction between the different degrees of pollution and has allowed a neat classification of the different of the reservoirs study. The results lead to a vulnerability map and the risks of pollution of Annaba- Bouteldja different aquifers. It has also led to the installation of protection areas sustained by an efficient general evacuation plan of the sewerage net and the construction of treatment station of the sewage effluents in the urbanized areas.

Keywords: unsaturated zone, self-purification, vulnerability to pollution, risk of pollution.

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