DROUGHT HAZARD ASSESSMENT USING ANOMALY DROUGHT INDEX AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE CHI RIVER BASIN, THAILAND

Sarunphas IAMAMPAI , Jirawat KANASUT , Banramee KANTAWONG, Prem RANGSIWANICHPONG

DOI: 10.21163/GT_2023.181.04

ABSTRACT: Drought is a natural disaster that causes problems in agriculture. Such events have been frequented in the Chi River basin, Thailand, in the last 10 years. Currently, drought assessment is conducted in several ways, including the use of product data from satellites or meteorological and hydrological data. In this study, we developed the anomaly drought index (ANDI) based on a combination of normalized difference vegetation index and soil water index product data and runoff station data using the entropy weight method. The ANDI was created and compared to historical data from the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) and drought-related data from 2011 to 2020. The ANDI shows a correlation with 0.80 with rice yield and 0.9 with reservoir (dry), and 0.95 with rainfall (wet). Furthermore, we classified ANDI's drought intensity into three categories: mild, moderate, and severe. Droughts were discovered to have occurred in 2013, 2015, 2016, 2019, and 2020. They began in wet seasons and materialized in the subsequent dry seasons. These results were consistent with the drought reports of EM-DAT and the National Hydroinformatics Data Center. Therefore, the ANDI is suitable for assessing drought in the Chi River basin in Thailand.

Keywords: Natural hazard, NDVI, Remote Sensing, Spatial analysis, Thailand.

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